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统计学 - 总体和样本


“总体”和“样本”这两个术语在统计学中非常重要,指的是两个密切相关的关键概念。


总体和样本

总体:我们想要了解的群体中的所有个体。

样本:总体的一部分。

总体和从这些总体中抽取的样本的示例

总体 样本
德国的所有人 500名德国人
Netflix的所有客户 300名Netflix客户
每一家汽车制造商 特斯拉、丰田、宝马、福特

为了进行良好的统计分析,样本需要尽可能地与总体“相似”。如果它们足够相似,我们就说样本是总体的代表

样本用于对整个总体做出推断。如果样本与整个总体不够相似,那么得出的结论可能毫无用处。

注意:许多单词在统计学中具有特定的含义。

“总体”一词通常指的是一群人。在统计学中,它指的是我们感兴趣的任何特定群体。


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