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SQL 教程

SQL 主页 SQL 简介 SQL 语法 SQL 选择 SQL 选择 DISTINCT SQL WHERE SQL ORDER BY SQL AND SQL OR SQL NOT SQL INSERT INTO SQL 空值 SQL 更新 SQL 删除 SQL 选择 TOP SQL 聚合函数 SQL 最小值和最大值 SQL 计数 SQL 求和 SQL 平均值 SQL LIKE SQL 通配符 SQL IN SQL BETWEEN SQL 别名 SQL 连接 SQL 内连接 SQL 左连接 SQL 右连接 SQL 全连接 SQL 自连接 SQL 并集 SQL 分组 SQL HAVING SQL EXISTS SQL ANY, ALL SQL 选择 INTO SQL INSERT INTO SELECT SQL CASE SQL 空值函数 SQL 存储过程 SQL 注释 SQL 运算符

SQL 数据库

SQL 创建数据库 SQL 删除数据库 SQL 备份数据库 SQL 创建表 SQL 删除表 SQL 修改表 SQL 约束 SQL 非空 SQL 唯一 SQL 主键 SQL 外键 SQL 检查 SQL 默认值 SQL 索引 SQL 自动递增 SQL 日期 SQL 视图 SQL 注入 SQL 托管 SQL 数据类型

SQL 参考资料

SQL 关键字
ADD ADD CONSTRAINT ALL ALTER ALTER COLUMN ALTER TABLE AND ANY AS ASC BACKUP DATABASE BETWEEN CASE CHECK COLUMN CONSTRAINT CREATE CREATE DATABASE CREATE INDEX CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW CREATE TABLE CREATE PROCEDURE CREATE UNIQUE INDEX CREATE VIEW DATABASE DEFAULT DELETE DESC DISTINCT DROP DROP COLUMN DROP CONSTRAINT DROP DATABASE DROP DEFAULT DROP INDEX DROP TABLE DROP VIEW EXEC EXISTS FOREIGN KEY FROM FULL OUTER JOIN GROUP BY HAVING IN INDEX INNER JOIN INSERT INTO INSERT INTO SELECT IS NULL IS NOT NULL JOIN LEFT JOIN LIKE LIMIT NOT NOT NULL OR ORDER BY OUTER JOIN PRIMARY KEY PROCEDURE RIGHT JOIN ROWNUM SELECT SELECT DISTINCT SELECT INTO SELECT TOP SET TABLE TOP TRUNCATE TABLE UNION UNION ALL UNIQUE UPDATE VALUES VIEW WHERE
MySQL 函数
字符串函数: ASCII CHAR_LENGTH CHARACTER_LENGTH CONCAT CONCAT_WS FIELD FIND_IN_SET FORMAT INSERT INSTR LCASE LEFT LENGTH LOCATE LOWER LPAD LTRIM MID POSITION REPEAT REPLACE REVERSE RIGHT RPAD RTRIM SPACE STRCMP SUBSTR SUBSTRING SUBSTRING_INDEX TRIM UCASE UPPER 数值函数: ABS ACOS ASIN ATAN ATAN2 AVG CEIL CEILING COS COT COUNT DEGREES DIV EXP FLOOR GREATEST LEAST LN LOG LOG10 LOG2 MAX MIN MOD PI POW POWER RADIANS RAND ROUND SIGN SIN SQRT SUM TAN TRUNCATE 日期函数: ADDDATE ADDTIME CURDATE CURRENT_DATE CURRENT_TIME CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURTIME DATE DATEDIFF DATE_ADD DATE_FORMAT DATE_SUB DAY DAYNAME DAYOFMONTH DAYOFWEEK DAYOFYEAR EXTRACT FROM_DAYS HOUR LAST_DAY LOCALTIME LOCALTIMESTAMP MAKEDATE MAKETIME MICROSECOND MINUTE MONTH MONTHNAME NOW PERIOD_ADD PERIOD_DIFF QUARTER SECOND SEC_TO_TIME STR_TO_DATE SUBDATE SUBTIME SYSDATE TIME TIME_FORMAT TIME_TO_SEC TIMEDIFF TIMESTAMP TO_DAYS WEEK WEEKDAY WEEKOFYEAR YEAR YEARWEEK 高级函数: BIN BINARY CASE CAST COALESCE CONNECTION_ID CONV CONVERT CURRENT_USER DATABASE IF IFNULL ISNULL LAST_INSERT_ID NULLIF SESSION_USER SYSTEM_USER USER VERSION
SQL Server 函数
字符串函数: ASCII CHAR CHARINDEX CONCAT 使用 + 连接 CONCAT_WS DATALENGTH DIFFERENCE FORMAT LEFT LEN LOWER LTRIM NCHAR PATINDEX QUOTENAME REPLACE REPLICATE REVERSE RIGHT RTRIM SOUNDEX SPACE STR STUFF SUBSTRING TRANSLATE TRIM UNICODE UPPER 数值函数: ABS ACOS ASIN ATAN ATN2 AVG CEILING COUNT COS COT DEGREES EXP FLOOR LOG LOG10 MAX MIN PI POWER RADIANS RAND ROUND SIGN SIN SQRT SQUARE SUM TAN 日期函数: CURRENT_TIMESTAMP DATEADD DATEDIFF DATEFROMPARTS DATENAME DATEPART DAY GETDATE GETUTCDATE ISDATE MONTH SYSDATETIME YEAR 高级函数 CAST COALESCE CONVERT CURRENT_USER IIF ISNULL ISNUMERIC NULLIF SESSION_USER SESSIONPROPERTY SYSTEM_USER USER_NAME
MS Access 函数
字符串函数: Asc Chr 使用 & 连接 CurDir Format InStr InstrRev LCase Left Len LTrim Mid Replace Right RTrim Space Split Str StrComp StrConv StrReverse Trim UCase 数值函数: Abs Atn Avg Cos Count Exp Fix Format Int Max Min Randomize Rnd Round Sgn Sqr Sum Val 日期函数: Date DateAdd DateDiff DatePart DateSerial DateValue Day Format Hour Minute Month MonthName Now Second Time TimeSerial TimeValue Weekday WeekdayName Year 其他函数: CurrentUser Environ IsDate IsNull IsNumeric
SQL 快速参考

SQL 示例

SQL 示例 SQL 编辑器 SQL 测验 SQL 练习 SQL Server SQL 集训营 SQL 证书

SQL 自连接

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SQL 自连接

自连接是一种常规连接，但表与自身连接。

自连接语法

SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1 T1, table1 T2
WHERE condition;

T1 和 T2 是同一个表的不同表别名。

演示数据库

在本教程中，我们将使用著名的 Northwind 示例数据库。

以下是 "Customers" 表中的部分选择

CustomerID CustomerName ContactName Address City PostalCode Country
1

 Alfreds Futterkiste Maria Anders Obere Str. 57 Berlin 12209 Germany
2 Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados Ana Trujillo Avda. de la Constitución 2222 México D.F. 05021 Mexico
3 Antonio Moreno Taquería Antonio Moreno Mataderos 2312 México D.F. 05023 Mexico

SQL 自连接示例

以下 SQL 语句匹配来自同一个城市的客户

示例

SELECT A.CustomerName AS CustomerName1, B.CustomerName AS CustomerName2, A.City
FROM Customers A, Customers B
WHERE A.CustomerID <> B.CustomerID
AND A.City = B.City
ORDER BY A.City;
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