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Git 修改提交


Git commit --amend

commit --amend 用于修改最近一次的 commit

它将 暂存区中的更改与最新的 commit 合并,并创建一个新的 commit

这个新的 commit 将完全替换最新的 commit


Git 修改提交信息

使用 --amend 可以做的一件最简单的事情就是更改 commit 信息。

让我们更新 README.mdcommit

示例

git commit -m "Adding plines to reddme"
[master 07c5bc5] Adding plines to reddme
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

现在让我们检查 log

示例

git log --oneline
07c5bc5 (HEAD -> master) Adding plines to reddme
9a9add8 (origin/master) Added .gitignore
81912ba Corrected spelling error
3fdaa5b Merge pull request #1 from w3schools-test/update-readme
836e5bf (origin/update-readme, update-readme) Updated readme for GitHub Branches
daf4f7c (origin/html-skeleton, html-skeleton) Updated index.html with basic meta
facaeae (gh-page/master) Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/w3schools-test/hello-world
e7de78f Updated index.html. Resized image
5a04b6f Updated README.md with a line about focus
d29d69f Updated README.md with a line about GitHub
e0b6038 merged with hello-world-images after fixing conflicts
1f1584e added new image
dfa79db updated index.html with emergency fix
0312c55 Added image to Hello World
09f4acd Updated index.html with a new line
221ec6e First release of Hello World!

哦,不!commit 信息充满了拼写错误。真尴尬。让我们 amend 它。

示例

git commit --amend -m "Added lines to README.md"
[master eaa69ce] Added lines to README.md
 Date: Thu Apr 22 12:18:52 2021 +0200
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-))

并重新检查 log

示例

git log --oneline
eaa69ce (HEAD -> master) Added lines to README.md
9a9add8 (origin/master) Added .gitignore
81912ba Corrected spelling error
3fdaa5b Merge pull request #1 from w3schools-test/update-readme
836e5bf (origin/update-readme, update-readme) Updated readme for GitHub Branches
daf4f7c (origin/html-skeleton, html-skeleton) Updated index.html with basic meta
facaeae (gh-page/master) Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/w3schools-test/hello-world
e7de78f Updated index.html. Resized image
5a04b6f Updated README.md with a line about focus
d29d69f Updated README.md with a line about GitHub
e0b6038 merged with hello-world-images after fixing conflicts
1f1584e added new image
dfa79db updated index.html with emergency fix
0312c55 Added image to Hello World
09f4acd Updated index.html with a new line
221ec6e First release of Hello World!

我们可以看到之前的 commit 被我们修改后的替换了!

警告:修改仓库的 commit 历史可能很危险。通常,对您自己的本地仓库进行此类更改是可以的。但是,您应该避免进行重写历史记录的更改到 远程 仓库,尤其是在其他人正在使用它们的情况下。


Git 修改提交文件

使用 --amend 添加文件的方式与上面相同。只需在提交之前将它们添加到 暂存区


通过练习测试自己

练习

使用消息 "Updated index" 修改之前的 commit

git    ""

开始练习


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